Similar to the preceding popes of Avignon, Gregory XI built the fatal mistake of appointing Frenchmen, who did not comprehend the Italians and whom the Italians hated, as legates and governors of your ecclesiastical provinces in Italy. The Florentines, even so, feared that a strengthening of the papal electricity in Italy would impair their own prestige in Central Italy and allied them selves with Bernabo in July, 1375. Each Bernabo along with the Florentines did their utmost to stir up an insurrection in the pontifical territory among the all the ones that ended up dissatisfied With all the papal legates in Italy. They ended up so successful that in a shorter time the whole Patrimony of St. Peter was up in arms in opposition to the pope. Really incensed with the seditious proceedings of your Florentines, Gregory XI imposed an especially extreme punishment on them. He put Florence beneath interdict, excommunicated its inhabitants, and outlawed them as well as their belongings. The monetary decline which the Florentines sustained thus was inestimable. They sent St. Catherine of Siena to intercede for them with Gregory XI, but annoyed her endeavours by continuing their hostilities towards the pope. While in the midst of such disturbances Gregory XI, yielding to the urgent prayers of St. Catherine, decided to take away the papal see to Rome, Regardless of the protests of the French King and the vast majority of the cardinals.
Born in 1331, for the castle of Maumont from the Dioceses of Limoges ; died 27 March, 1378, at Rome. He was a nephew of Pope Clement VI, who heaped a lot of benefices upon him And at last established him cardinal deacon in 1348, when he was only eighteen years of age. As cardinal he attended the University of Perugia, grew to become a talented canonist and theologian, and received the esteem of all by his humility and purity of coronary heart. Once the Dying of Urban V, the cardinals unanimously elected him pope at Avignon, on December, 1370. He chose the title of Gregory XI, experienced himself ordained priest on four January, 1371, and was crowned pope on the subsequent working day. Instantly on his accession he attempted to reconcile the Kings of France and England, but failed. He succeeded, even so, in pacifying Castile, Aragon, Navarre, Sicily, and Naples. He also designed attempts towards the reunion of your Greek and Latin Churches, the undertaking of the Campaign, as well as reform of the clergy.
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Quickly, nonetheless, he experienced to give his overall interest to your turbulent affairs of Italy. Duke Bernabo Visconti of Milan, an inveterate enemy from the papacy, experienced in 1371 manufactured himself grasp of Reggio and other areas which were feudatory towards the Holy See. When all other suggests to bring him to phrases experienced failed, Gregory XI positioned him underneath the ban. Bernabo compelled the legates that brought him the Bull of excommunication to try to eat the parchment on which his excommunication was published, and heaped a number of other insults on them. Hereupon Gregory XI declared war on him in 1372. Achievement was at the outset over the aspect of Bernabo, but when Gregory XI attained the help with the emperor, the Queen of Naples, the King of Hungary, and purchased into his support the English condottiere John Hawkwood, Bernabo sued for peace. By bribing many of the papal councillors he obtained a favourable truce on 6 June, 1374.
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This American saint was born in Bohemia in 1811. He was hunting ahead to becoming ordained in 1835 when the bishop decided there could well be no additional ordinations. It is tough for us to imagine now, ... carry on studying
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John's perform was fairly thriving in provide back many people to your Faith. A while later on he was betrayed by a single posing as a Catholic. Immediately after his arrest he was tortured in prison in an effort to get him to expose the names of other Catholics, but he refused. Right after a few trials, John was convicted of significant treason due to the fact he transformed Protestants for the Catholic Faith together with denied the king's spiritual jurisdiction by upholding the Pope's spiritual primacy and condemning the oaths of supremacy and allegiance. Sentenced to Loss of life, the courageous priest was hanged at Glasgow in 1615 within the age of thirty-6. His feast day is March ten.
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Born in 1579, John Ogilvie belonged to Scottish nobility. Elevated a Calvinist, he was educated about the continent. Subjected to the religious controversies of his day and impressed With all the faith on the martyrs, he made a decision to turn into a Catholic. In 1596, at age seventeen he was been given into your Church at Louvain. Later John attended a number of Catholic educational institutions, and at some point he sought admission to the Jesuits. He was ordained at Paris in 1610 and requested to get despatched to Scotland, hoping some Catholic nobles there would assist him presented his lineage. Locating none, he went to London, then again to Paris, And at last returned to Scotland.
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